Rhetorical Vocabulary
Purpose: Throughout the course of the year, we will be learning key tropes and schemes that are helpful to produce effective, persuasive language. Whether it be written or spoken, these rhetorical strategies have withstood the test of time and are apparent in many genres of speech and writing today. All of the strategies learned in this course have a great chance of showing up on the National A.P. Language exam, whether it be in a multiple-choice section (in which you will have to know the scheme by name), or apparent in a piece that pertains to an essay which needs to be analyzed (in which you do NOT want a "laundry list").
Handouts/Slides
Figures of Rhetoric
Rhetorically Accurate Verbs Handout
Tone Handout
Rhetorical Vocabulary Definition and Examples
Whetstone's Wacky Ways of Remembering:
Appositive: By using commas to offset description of prior noun, you are making the reader POSITIVE that they know what you're referring to.
Anaphora: The word anaphora starts with an "A" which is at the BEGINNING of the alphabet, just as the rhetorical repetition is at the BEGINNING of a sentence
Epistrophe: Same concept as above except word starts and ends with an "e" just as the word "end does" which is where the repetition will occurs within the sentence.
Clause= Complete Sentence or thought (both begin with a C)
"affect"= action
"effect"= end result
Classical Model: vs. Focused Writing:
Exordium (ethos) AP Claim (ethos)
Narratio (ethos/pathos) "Set The Scene" (pathos)
Confirmatio (Logos) Quote to Qualify Claim (logos)
Refutatio Quote to Qualify Claim
Peroratio (ethos/pathos) "Loop for Logic"
Toulmin Model of Argumentation:
Must include (in any order) fact/evidence, claim, warrant.
Optional components: Qualifier (with claim), Backing (extra proof for warrant), Rebuttal
Anaphora: The word anaphora starts with an "A" which is at the BEGINNING of the alphabet, just as the rhetorical repetition is at the BEGINNING of a sentence
Epistrophe: Same concept as above except word starts and ends with an "e" just as the word "end does" which is where the repetition will occurs within the sentence.
Clause= Complete Sentence or thought (both begin with a C)
"affect"= action
"effect"= end result
Classical Model: vs. Focused Writing:
Exordium (ethos) AP Claim (ethos)
Narratio (ethos/pathos) "Set The Scene" (pathos)
Confirmatio (Logos) Quote to Qualify Claim (logos)
Refutatio Quote to Qualify Claim
Peroratio (ethos/pathos) "Loop for Logic"
Toulmin Model of Argumentation:
Must include (in any order) fact/evidence, claim, warrant.
Optional components: Qualifier (with claim), Backing (extra proof for warrant), Rebuttal
|
Rhetorical Fallacies
a priori- referring to prior knowledge
ad hominem- attach of opponents character ad misericordium- appeal to pity ad populum- appeal to irrational fears/prejudices dicto simplicitor- generalizing or simplifying argument non sequitor- referring to a NON-related topic tu quoque- "You do it too!" |
Rhetoric in our World:
The following quotes/lyrics/phrases/entries are great examples of rhetoric in our world. They have been found and submitted by A.P. Language students.
Rhetoric is everywhere, you just have to open your eyes and ears and embrace it.
Zeugma: "He runs his mouth just like his feet" ~Noah P.
Baaden Meinhof= The experience of seeing a newly learned concept multiple times in wake of learning it. ~Melanie B. via Twitter
Video: Spelling Tips for the Internet. ~Tara W.
Examples of anti-metabole (student provided)
"It's not the size of the dog in the fight, but the size of the fight in the dog" contributed by Tyler A.
"Hard work beats talent when talent fails to work hard." contributed by D. Prill
"I didn't choose the thug life, the thug life chose me." contributed by Nate Morris
"It's nice to be important, but it's more important to be nice." contributed by Nate Smith
Rhetoric is everywhere, you just have to open your eyes and ears and embrace it.
Zeugma: "He runs his mouth just like his feet" ~Noah P.
Baaden Meinhof= The experience of seeing a newly learned concept multiple times in wake of learning it. ~Melanie B. via Twitter
Video: Spelling Tips for the Internet. ~Tara W.
Examples of anti-metabole (student provided)
"It's not the size of the dog in the fight, but the size of the fight in the dog" contributed by Tyler A.
"Hard work beats talent when talent fails to work hard." contributed by D. Prill
"I didn't choose the thug life, the thug life chose me." contributed by Nate Morris
"It's nice to be important, but it's more important to be nice." contributed by Nate Smith
It's not always what you write, but how you write it.
That's so Punny!
A book just fell on my head, I only have myshelf to blame.
I see you have some graph paper. You must be plotting something.
If a dog has puppies in public, will she be arrested for littering?
A guy got in an accident and lost his whole left side. He's all right now.
I'm reading a book about anti-gravity. It's impossible to put down.
I'm glad that I know sign language, it's pretty handy.
I used to have a fear of hurdles, but I got over it.
Police were called to a daycare where a three-year-old was resisting arrest.
There was a big paddle sale at the boat store. It was quite an oar deal.
Did you hear about the guy who got hit in the head with a can of soda? He was lucky it was a soft drink.
Smaller babies may be delivered by stork but the heavier ones need a crane.
Atheists don't solve exponential equations because they don't believe in higher powers.
I used to be addicted to soap, but I'm clean now.
I see you have some graph paper. You must be plotting something.
If a dog has puppies in public, will she be arrested for littering?
A guy got in an accident and lost his whole left side. He's all right now.
I'm reading a book about anti-gravity. It's impossible to put down.
I'm glad that I know sign language, it's pretty handy.
I used to have a fear of hurdles, but I got over it.
Police were called to a daycare where a three-year-old was resisting arrest.
There was a big paddle sale at the boat store. It was quite an oar deal.
Did you hear about the guy who got hit in the head with a can of soda? He was lucky it was a soft drink.
Smaller babies may be delivered by stork but the heavier ones need a crane.
Atheists don't solve exponential equations because they don't believe in higher powers.
I used to be addicted to soap, but I'm clean now.